In-Draft
Tragedy of the commons - Assumes everyone acts in their own best interest, so when a common resources is dwindling or disappearing individuals will consume as much as possible for themselves before it is gone at the expense of others with whom the resource should be shared
Moral hazard theory - When one entity increases its risk exposure to maximize profit, but lacks the ability to endure the consequence of taking on that risk
Opportunity Cost - The literal cost of making one decision over another, even when the decisions is to make no decision
Permanent income hypothesis - consumer decisions are not based on their current incomes, but rather their exepected incomes in the future, aka long-term average income.
Giffen paradox - demand for a commodity increases as the price rises
Law of diminishing returns - a point is reached beyond which the addition of one more unit of the variable factor will result in a diminishing rate of return
Full lists here